Rising concern: young people and bowel cancer in the UK
In recent years, the UK has seen a troubling rise in the number of young people diagnosed with bowel cancer. The misconception that this disease only affects older adults, bowel cancer is increasingly impacting individuals under the age of 50, as many as 1 in 20 people people who are diagnosed with bowel cancer are under 50 years old (Cancer Research UK 2024). This trend raises concerns among healthcare professionals and highlights the need for awareness and early detection. This trend is not unique to the UK, as Michelle Mitchell, chief executive of Cancer Research UK has said: “This flagship study reveals that increasing rates of early onset bowel cancer, affecting adults aged 25 to 49, is a global issue” (Independent 2024).
Understanding bowel cancer
Bowel cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, affects the large bowel, which consists of the colon and rectum. According to Cancer Research UK, it is the fourth most common cancer in the country. While the exact cause of the increase in young patients is unclear, several factors may play a role:
Diet: High consumption of red and processed meats, low fibre intake, and insufficient fruits and vegetables can increase risk.
Lifestyle: Sedentary behaviour, obesity, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption are linked to higher cancer risk.
Genetics: Family history of bowel cancer or inherited conditions like Lynch syndrome can predispose individuals to the disease.
Environmental factors: Exposure to certain chemicals and pollutants may contribute to cancer development.
Inflammatory bowel disease: Conditions like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis can increase the likelihood of developing bowel cancer.
Symptoms to watch for
Early detection is crucial for successful treatment. Here are some common symptoms associated with bowel cancer:
Changes in bowel habits: Persistent diarrhea or constipation, or a change in the consistency of your stool.
Blood in the stool: This can appear as bright red blood or darker, tar-like stools.
Abdominal discomfort: This includes cramps, gas, or pain that doesn’t go away. Unexplained weight loss: Losing weight without trying can be a warning sign.
Fatigue: Feeling tired all the time, even after rest.
The importance of early detection
Healthcare professionals stress the importance of not dismissing symptoms due to age and young people should be aware that bowel cancer can affect them too. Regular screenings and being attentive to bodily changes are vital steps in catching the disease early.
Every 15 minutes someone in the UK is diagnosed with bowel cancer (Gov.UK 2016). A study by the British Journal of Surgery looked at data from the past 4 decades (1974 – 2015) and identified an alarming trend in the rise in bowel cancer cases among young people in the UK. The study did not identify the reasons for this but the findings highlight the concerning trend that underscores the need for increased awareness and proactive healthcare measures. By understanding the symptoms and seeking timely medical advice, individuals can improve their chances of successful treatment and recovery.
References
Michelle Mitchell, Chief Executive of Cancer Research UK, as quoted in The Independent (2024). Retrieved from https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/bowel-cancer-stages-symptoms-stomach-b2662819.html
Cancer Research UK. Bowel cancer rates rising in younger adults around the world (2024). Retrieved from https://news.cancerresearchuk.org/2024/12/11/early-onset-bowel-cancer-rise-global-phenomenon/
Bowel Cancer UK. New research suggests increase in younger people diagnosed with bowel cancer. Retrieved from https://www.bowelcanceruk.org.uk/news-and-blogs/news/new-research-suggests-increase-in-younger-people-diagnosed-with-bowel-cancer/
